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T

tables
class file tables, 83
tableswitch instruction, 335
See also lookupswitch instruction
code array alignment effect, 111
constraints, static, 119
in Java Virtual Machine assembly language examples, compiling switches, 359
tag item
(CONSTANT_Class_info structure), 93
(CONSTANT_Double_info structure), 98
(CONSTANT_Fieldref_info structure), 95
(CONSTANT_Integer_info structure), 96
(CONSTANT_InterfaceMethodref_info structure), 95
(CONSTANT_Long_info structure), 98
(CONSTANT_Methodref_info structure), 95
(CONSTANT_NameAndType_info structure), 99
(CONSTANT_String_info structure), 96
(CONSTANT_Utf8_info structure), 101
term definition
objects, 9
term definitions
abnormal completion, 68
abstract
class, 24
methods, 28
active use, 46
arrays, 32
access expression, 34
component types, 33
components, as kind of variable, 11
components, 33
creation expression, 9, 34
element types, 33
elements, 33
empty, 32
initializer, 34
length of, 33
types, 9
variables, 33
ASCII, 5
assign, as thread action, 372
assignable, 18
assignment
compatible, 10, 18
variable, by threads, 54
big-endian, 71
bytecodes, 2
caller, 36
catch clauses, 35
caught, 34
class
abstract, 24
class file tables, 83
current, 66
declaration, 24
final, 24
instance creation expression, 9
instances, 9
methods, 28
modifiers, 24
public, 24
types, 9
variable, 11
compile-time type, 10
complete abruptly, 34
constant fields, 46
constant pool, 64
constructors, 29
default, 30
parameters, as kind of variable, 11
conversions, 13
assignment, 17
casting, 19
contexts, 14
identity, 14
method invocation, 18
narrowing primitive, 15
narrowing reference, 16
numeric promotion, binary, 19
numeric promotion, unary, 19
widening primitive, 15
widening reference, 16
daemon threads, 53
default value, 12
denormalized, 8
floating-point numbers, 76
descriptors, 89
digits
Java, 6
Unicode, 6
direct
directly implement, 30
extension, 30
subclass, 25
superclass, 25
superinterfaces, 31
dynamic linking, 67
dynamically enclosed, 36
exceptions, 34
classes, 36
handler parameters, as kind of variable, 11
extends clause, 25
fields, 26
final, 26
private, 26
protected, 26
public, 26
static, 26
transient, 26
volatile, 27
term definitions (cont.)
final
class, 24
fields, 26
methods, 28
finalizer, 51
floating-point types, 58
formal parameters, 28
frames, 66
current, 66
garbage collection, 9, 63
gradual underflow, 8, 76
handles, 36, 69
heap, 63
hiding, 26
identifier, 6
implement, 31
inexact, 8
results, 76
infinities, 7
inheritance, 25
initialization, 46
instance
methods, 28
variable, 11
integral types, 58
interface, 30
types, 9
items, 83
Java
heap, 9
stack, 62
JIT (Just-In-Time) code generation, 82, 339
late binding, 68
lazy resolution, 44
letters
Java, 6
Unicode, 6
linking, 43
literals, 6
false, 6
null, 6
true, 6
loading, 43
action by thread, 373
local variables, 12, 66
locks, 10, 53, 371
lock action, by main memory subsystem, 373
operation, action by thread, 373
unlock action, by main memory subsystem, 373
master copy, 371
meaning of `must' in instruction descriptions, 151
members, 21
class, 25
memory
main, 371
working, 371
methods, 27
abstract, 28
area, 63
current, 66
final, 28
native, 28
parameters, as kind of variable, 11
private, 28
protected, 28
public, 28
static, 28
synchronized, 28
monitors, 53
names
class, 24
qualified, 20
simple, 20
NaN, 7
native methods, 28, 29
native method stacks, 65
normal completion, 68
null reference, 61
numeric
promotions, 13
types, 58
objects, 9, 58
opcode, 71
operands, 71
stacks, 67
overloading, 22
in interfaces, 32
overriding, 22
in interfaces, 32
packages, 20
passive use, 46
pc register, 61
pointers, 9
precise, 37
preparation, 44
primitive
types, 7, 58
values, 7, 58
private
fields, 26
methods, 28
protected methods, 28
public
class, 25
fields, 26
methods, 28
qualified access, 22
read action by thread, 373
reference
types, 9, 61
values, 9
resolution, 45
returnAddress type, 58
round-to-nearest, 8, 76
round-towards-zero, 8, 76
signature, 28
state, 9
static
fields, 26
methods, 28
static
initializers, 29
resolution, 44
store action by thread, 373
strings, 6
subclass, 25
subpackages, 21
super method, 30
superclass, 25
superinterfaces, 31
synchronized methods, 28, 29
synchronizing, 53
this object, 29
thrown, 34
transient fields, 26
try statements, 35
unlock action by thread, 373
use
action by thread, 372
of values, by threads, 54
variables, 10, 371
class, 26
instance, 26
transient, 26
verification, 44
version skew, 124
volatile fields, 27
wait set, 387
word, 61
working copy, 371
write action by thread, 373
zeroes, 7
terminal symbols
descriptor grammar notation, 90
this_class item
(ClassFile structure), 87
this object
instance creation role, 50
locks use with, 29
method descriptor inclusion, 92
term definition, 29
threads
See also synchronization
actions, term definition, 371
(chapter), 371
constraints on relationships among actions of, 373
creation, 386
frames use with, 66
Java stacks, 62
memory interaction with, ordering rules, 54
native method stacks, 65
out-of-order writes example, 384
pc register, 61
shared
data areas, heap, 63
data areas, method area, 63
variables, mechanisms for handling, 26
swapping example, 380
synchronization issues during initialization, 47
term definition, 53
ThreadGroup exception handling use of, 35, 36
throw
Throwable exceptions as instances or subclasses of, 35
Throwable class
exceptions as instances or subclasses of, 35
throwing
exceptions, athrow, 167
throw statement, as exception cause, 35
Throwable as exception hierarchy root, 38
timing
dependencies, in concurrent programming, 54
transient keyword, 26
See also ACC_TRANSIENT modifier
try-catch-finally statement
See also exceptions
as exception handling statement, 70
exception handling use of, 37
try-finally statement
See also exceptions
as exception handling statement, 70
exception handling use of, 37
Sun's Java compiled code characteristics, 133

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Java Virtual Machine Specification

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