5.7 Hypercube performance measures for the zero-line-capacity case Suppose that we wish to derive hypercube performancemeasures for the case in which customers cannot enter a queue; they are either lost or, more likely, are handled by a backup system if they arrive when all N servers are busy.

1. Argue that in this case, (5.35) is replaced by
   
   
   
   

2. Argue further that the quantities found in (5.36)-(5.38), and (5.41)-(5.44) can be determined for the zero-line-capacity case by setting P_Q = P'_Q = 0 in these equations and by replacing with f_nj from (*).

Note: The resulting equations can be used either with the exact or the approximate hypercube model.