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3.2. HTML Tag and Attribute Descriptions

<a>

<a> ... </a>

Create a hyperlink (href attribute) or fragment identifier (name attribute) within a document.

Attributes

accesskey=char
Define the hot-key character for this anchor.

charset=encoding
Specify the character set used to encode the target.

coords=list
Specify a list of shape-dependent coordinates.

href=url
Specify the URL of a hyperlink target (required if not a name anchor).

hreflang=language
Specify the language encoding for the target.

name=string
Specify the name of a fragment identifier (required if not a hypertext reference anchor).

rel=relationship
Indicate the relationship from this document to the target.

rev=relationship
Indicate the reverse relationship of the target to this document.

shape=shape
Define the region's shape to be circ, circle, poly, polygon, rect, or rectangle.

tabindex=value
Define the position of this anchor in the document's tabbing order.

target=name
Define the name of the frame or window to receive the referenced document.

type=type
Specify the MIME type of the target.

Example

To create an anchor named info at some point in a document called doc.html, use the <a> tag with the name attribute:

<a name="info" >Information</a>

To provide a hyperlink to that point in doc.html, use the <a> tag with the href attribute appending the anchor name to the filename using a hash mark (#):

<a href="doc.html#info" >Link to information</a>
<abbr>

<abbr> ... </abbr>

The enclosed text is an abbreviation.

<acronym>

<acronym> ... </acronym>

The enclosed text is an acronym.

<address>

<address> ... </address>

The enclosed text is an address.

<applet>

<applet> ... </applet>

Define an executable applet within a text flow.

Attributes

align=position
Align the <applet> region to either the top, middle, bottom (default), left, right, absmiddle, baseline, or absbottom of the text in the line.

alt=string
Specify alternative text to replace the <applet> region within browsers that support the <applet> tag but cannot execute the application.

archive=url
Specify a class archive to be downloaded to the browser and then searched for code class.

class=name
Specify a style class controlling the appearance of the tag.

code=class
Specify the class name of the code to be executed (required).

codebase=url
URL from which the code is retrieved.

height=n
Specify the height, in pixels, of the <applet> region.

hspace=n
Specify additional space, in pixels, to the left and right of the <applet> region.

id=name
Define a name for this applet that is unique to this document.

mayscript
If present, allows the applet to access JavaScript within the page.

name=string
Specify the name of this particular instance of the <applet>.

object=data
Specify a representation of the object's execution state.

style=style
Specify an inline style for this tag.

title=string
Provide a title for the applet.

vspace=n
Specify additional space, in pixels, above and below the <applet> region.

width=n
Specify the width, in pixels, of the <applet> region.

<area>

<area>

Define a mouse-sensitive area in a client-side image map.

Attributes

accesskey=char
Define the hot-key character for this area.

alt=string
Provide alternative text to be displayed by nongraphical browsers.

coords=list
Specify a comma-separated list of shape-dependent coordinates that define the edge of this area.

href=url
Specify the URL of a hyperlink target associated with this area.

nohref
Indicate that no document is associated with this area; clicking in the area has no effect.

notab
This area should not be included in the tabbing order.

onblur=applet
Specify an applet to be run when the mouse leaves the area.

onfocus=applet
Specify an applet to be run when the mouse enters the area.

shape=shape
Define the region's shape to be either circ, circle, poly, polygon, rect, or rectangle.

tabindex=value
Define the position of this area in the document's tabbing order.

taborder=n
Specify this area's position in the tabbing order.

target=name
Specify the frame or window to receive the document linked by this area.

<b>

<b> ... </b>

Format the enclosed text using a bold typeface.

<base>

<base>

Specify the base URL for all relative URLs in this document.

Attributes

href=url
Specify the base URL.

target=name
Define the default target window of all <a> links in the document (mostly used for redirecting a link to other frames). There are four special values _blank, _parent, _self, and _top. These values are described in Chapter 4.

<basefont>

<basefont>

Specify the font size for subsequent text.

Attributes

color=color
Specify the base font's color.

face=name
Specify the local font to be used for the base font.

id=name
Define a name for this tag that is unique to this document.

name=name
Specify the local font to be used for the base font.

size=value
Set the basefont size from 1 to 7 (required; default is 3).

<bdo>

<bdo> ... </bdo>

Bidirectional override; changes the rendering direction of the enclosed text.

Attributes

class=name
Specify a class style controlling the appearance of this tag.

dir=direction
Specify the rendering direction for text, either left to right (ltr) or right to left (rtl).

id=name
Define a name for this tag that is unique to this document.

lang=language
Specify the language used for this tag's contents using a standard two-character ISO language name.

style=style
Specify an inline style for this tag.

title=string
Specify a title for this tag.

<bgsound>

<bgsound>

Define background audio for the document.

Attributes

loop=value
Set the number of times to play the audio; value may be an integer or the value infinite.

src=url
Provide the URL of the audio file to be played.

<big>

<big> ... </big>

Format the enclosed text using a bigger typeface.

<blink>

<blink> ... </blink>

Cause the enclosed text to blink.

<blockquote>

<blockquote> ... </blockquote>

The enclosed text is a block quotation.

Attributes

cite=url
Specify the source URL of the quoted material.

<body>

<body> ... </body>

Delimit the beginning and end of the document body.

Attributes

alink=color
Set the color of active hypertext links in the document.

background=url
Specify the URL of an image to be tiled in the document background.

bgcolor=color
Set the background color of the document.

bgproperties=value
When set to fixed, prevent the background image from scrolling with the document content.

leftmargin=value
Set the size, in pixels, of the document's left margin.

link=color
Set the color of unvisited hypertext links in the document.

onblur=applet
Specify an applet to be run when the mouse leaves the document window.

onfocus=applet
Specify an applet to be run when the mouse enters the document window.

onload=applet
Specify an applet to be run when the document is loaded.

onunload=applet
Specify an applet to be run when the document is unloaded.

text=color
Set the color of regular text in the document.

topmargin=value
Set the size, in pixels, of the document's top margin.

vlink=color
Set the color of visited links in the document.

<br>

<br>

Break the current text flow, resuming at the beginning of the next line.

Attributes

class=name
Specify a style class controlling the appearance of this tag.

clear=margin
Break the flow and move downward until the desired margin, either left, right, or all, is clear.

id=name
Define a name for this tag that is unique to this document.

style=style
Specify an inline style for this tag.

title=string
Specify a title for this tag.

<button>

<button>

Create a push-button element within a <form>.

Attributes

accesskey=char
Define the hot-key character for this button.

disabled
Disable the button, preventing the user from clicking it.

name=name
Specify the name of the parameter to be passed to the form-processing application if the input element is selected (required).

onblur=applet
Specify an applet to be run when the mouse moves out of the button.

onfocus=applet
Specify an applet to be run when the mouse moves into the button.

type=type
Specify the button type, either button, submit, or reset.

tabindex=n
Specify this element's position in the tabbing order.

value=string
Specify the value of the parameter sent to the form-processing application if this form element is selected (required).

<caption>

<caption> ... </caption>

Define a caption for a table.

Attributes

align=position
For Netscape, set the vertical position of the caption to either top or bottom. Default is top, centered. For Internet Explorer, set the horizontal alignment of the caption to either left, center, or right, or the vertical position to top or bottom. The default is top, centered. You cannot set both the horizontal and vertical position with this attribute alone.

valign=position
Set the vertical position of the caption to either top or bottom. Default is top. Use this with a horizontal specification to align to set both vertical and horizontal caption positions.

See Chapter 5 for more information on using tables.

<center>

<center> ... </center>

Center the enclosed text.

<cite>

<cite> ... </cite>

The enclosed text is a citation.

<code>

<code> ... </code>

The enclosed text is a code sample.

<col>

<col>

Set properties for a column (or columns) within a <colgroup> of a table.

Attributes

align=value
Specify alignment of text in the cells of a column. Value can be center, left, or right.

char=character
Specify the alignment character for text in these cells.

charoff=value
Set the offset within the cell at which the alignment character will be placed.

span=n
Specify the number of columns to be affected by the <col> settings.

valign=position
Set the vertical alignment of text within the column to either top, middle, or bottom.

width=n
Set the width of the column, in pixels or as a percentage.

<colgroup>

<colgroup>

Set properties for designated column or columns within a table. Also indicates where vertical rules will be drawn when rules=groups is set in the <table> tag.

Attributes

align=value
Specify alignment of text in the cells of columns in the <colgroup>. Values can be center, left, or right.

char=character
Specify the alignment character for text in these cells.

charoff=value
Set the offset within the cell at which the alignment character will be placed.

span=n
Specify the number of columns in the <colgroup>.

valign=position
Set the vertical alignment of text within the columns to either top, middle, or bottom.

width=n
Set the width, in pixels or as a percentage, of each column in the group.

<comment>

<comment> ... </comment>

Place a comment in the document. Comments will be visible in all other browsers. Comments can be placed within <!-- comment text —> for all browsers.

<dd>

<dd> ... </dd>

Define the definition portion of an element in a definition list.

<del>

<del> ... </del>

Delineate a deleted section of a document.

Attributes

cite=url
Cite a document justifying the deletion.

datetime=date
Specify the date and time of the deletion.

<dfn>

<dfn> ... </dfn>

Format the enclosed text as a definition.

<dir>

<dir> ... </dir>

Create a directory list containing <li> tags.

Attributes

compact
Make the list more compact if possible.

type=bullet
Set the bullet style for this list to either circle, disc (default), or square.

<div>

<div> ... </div>

Create a division within a document.

Attributes

align=type
Align the text within the division to left, center, or right.

nowrap
Suppress word wrapping within this division.

<dl>

<dl> ... </dl>

Create a definition list containing <dt> and <dd> tags.

Attributes

compact
Make the list more compact if possible.

<dt>

<dt> ... </dt>

Define the definition term portion of an element in a definition list.

<em>

<em> ... </em>

Format the enclosed text with additional emphasis.

<embed>

<embed> ... </embed>

Embed an application into the document.

Attributes

align=position
Align the applet area to either the top or bottom of the adjacent text, or to the left or right margin of the page, with subsequent text flowing around the applet.

border=n
Specify the size, in pixels, of the border around the applet.

height=n
Specify the height of the area the embedded object will occupy.

hidden
If present, hide the applet on the page.

hspace=n
Define, in pixels, additional space to be placed to the left and right of the applet.

name=name
Provide a name for the applet.

palette=value
In Netscape, a value of foreground causes the applet to use the foreground palette in Windows only; background uses the background palette. Internet Explorer provides the foreground and background colors for the applet, specified as two color values separated by a vertical bar (|).

pluginspage=url
Provide the URL of the page containing instructions for installing the plug-in associated with the applet.

src=url
Supplies the URL of the data to be fed to the applet.

type=type
Specify the MIME type of the plug-in to be used.

units=type
Set the units for the height and width attributes to either pixels (the default) or en (half the text point size).

vspace=n
Define, in pixels, additional space to be placed above and below the applet.

width=n
Specify the width, in pixels, of the applet.

<fieldset>

<fieldset> ... </fieldset>

Create a group of elements in a form.

<font>

<font> ... </font>

Set the size, color, or typeface of the enclosed text.

Attributes

class=name
Specify a style class controlling the appearance of this tag.

color=color
Set the color of the enclosed text.

dir=dir
Specify the rendering direction for text, either left to right (ltr) or right to left (rtl).

face=list
Set the typeface of the enclosed text to the first available font in the comma-separated list of font names.

id=name
Define a name for this tag that is unique to this document.

lang=language
Specify the language used for this tag's contents using a standard two-character ISO language name.

size=value
Set the size to an absolute value (1 to 7), or relative to the <basefont> size using +n or -n.

style=style
Specify an inline style for this tag.

title=string
Specify a title for this tag.

<form>

<form> ... </form>

Delimit a form.

Attributes

accept-charset=list
Specify a list of character sets accepted by the server processing this form.

action=url
Specify the URL of the application that will process the form. The default is the current URL.

enctype=encoding
Specify how the form element values will be encoded.

method=style
Specify the parameter-passing style, either get or post. The default is get.

name=name
Supply a name for this form for use by JavaScript.

onreset=applet
Specify an applet to be run when the form is reset.

onsubmit=applet
Specify an applet to be run when the form is submitted.

target=name
Specify the name of a frame or a window to receive the results of the form after submission.

<frame>

<frame> ... </frame>

Define a frame within a frameset.

Attributes

bordercolor=color
Set the color of the frame's border to color.

class=name
Specify a style class controlling the appearance of this tag.

frameborder=value
If value is yes (Netscape only) or 1 (Netscape and Internet Explorer), enable frame borders. If value is no (Netscape only) or 0 (Netscape and Internet Explorer), disable frame borders.

id=name
Define a name for this tag that is unique in the document.

longdesc=url
Provide the URL of a document describing the contents of this frame.

marginheight=n
Place n pixels of space above and below the frame contents.

marginwidth=n
Place n pixels of space to the left and right of the frame contents.

name=string
Define the name of the frame.

noresize
Disable user resizing of the frame.

scrolling=type
Always add scrollbars (yes), never add scrollbars (no), or add scrollbars when needed (auto).

src=url
Define the URL of the source document for this frame.

style=style
Specify an inline style for this tag.

title=string
Specify a title for this tag.

See Chapter 4 for more information on using frames.

<frameset>

<frameset> ... </frameset>

Define a collection of frames or other framesets.

Attributes

border=n
Set size in pixels of frame borders within a frameset. Default border width is five pixels.

bordercolor=color
Set the color for frame borders in a frameset.

cols=list
Specify the number and width of frames within a frameset.

frameborder=[yes|no]
Enable or disable the displaying of 3D borders or regular borders for frames. The default is yes (3D borders).

frameborder=[1|0]
Enable or disable the displaying of 3D borders for frames within a frameset. The default is 1 (borders on).

framespacing=n
Add additional space between adjacent frames in pixels.

onblur=applet
Specify an applet to be run when the mouse leaves this frameset.

onfocus=applet
Specify an applet to be run when the mouse enters this frameset.

onload=applet
Specify an applet to be run when this frameset is loaded.

onunload=applet
Specify an applet to be run when this frameset is unloaded.

rows=list
Specify the number and height of frames within a frameset.

See Chapter 4 for more information on using frames.

<hn>

<hn> ... </hn>

The enclosed text is a level n header; for level n from 1 to 6.

Attributes

align=type
Specify the heading alignment as either left (default), center, or right.

<head>

<head> ... </head>

Delimit the beginning and end of the document head.

Attributes

dir=dir
Specify the rendering direction for text, either left to right (ltr) or right to left (rtl).

lang=language
Specify the language used for this tag's contents using a standard two-character ISO language name.

profile=url
Provide the URL of a profile for this document.

<hr>

<hr>

Break the current text flow and insert a horizontal rule.

Attributes

align=type
Specify the rule alignment as either left, center (default), or right.

class=name
Specify a style class controlling the appearance of the rule.

color=color
Define the color of the rule.

id=name
Define a name for this tag that is unique to this document.

noshade
Do not use 3D shading to render the rule.

onclick=applet
Specify an applet to be executed when the mouse button is clicked on this tag.

ondblclick=applet
Specify an applet to be executed when the mouse button is double-clicked on this tag.

onkeydown=applet
Specify an applet to be executed when a key is pressed down while this tag has input focus.

onkeypress=applet
Specify an applet to be executed when a key is pressed and released while this tag has input focus.

onkeyup=applet
Specify an applet to be executed when a key is released while this tag has input focus.

onmousedown=applet
Specify an applet to be executed when a mouse button is pressed down on this tag.

onmousemove=applet
Specify an applet to be executed when the mouse is moved over this tag.

onmouseout=applet
Specify an applet to be executed when the mouse moves out of this tag's display area.

onmouseover=applet
Specify an applet to be executed when the mouse moves into this tag's display area.

onmouseup=applet
Specify an applet to be executed when a mouse button is released while over this tag.

size=pixels
Set the thickness of the rule to an integer number of pixels.

style=style
Specify an inline style for this tag.

title=string
Specify a title for this tag.

width=value
Set the width of the rule to either an integer number of pixels or a percentage of the page width.

<html>

<html> ... </html>

Delimit the beginning and end of the entire HTML document.

Attributes

dir=dir
Specify the rendering direction for text, either left to right (ltr) or right to left (rtl).

lang=language
Specify the language used for this tag's contents using a standard two-character ISO language name.

version=string
Indicate the HTML version used to create this document.

<i>

<i> ... </i>

Format the enclosed text in an italic typeface.

<iframe>

<iframe> ... </iframe>

Define an inline frame.

Attributes

align=type
Align the floating frame to either the top, middle, bottom (default), left, or right of the text in the line.

class=name
Specify a style class controlling the appearance of the frame contents.

frameborder=[1|0]
Enable or disable the display of borders for the frame. Default is 1, which inserts the border. The value 0 turns the border off.

height=n
Specify the height of the frame in pixels or as a percentage of the window size.

id=name
Define a name for this tag that is unique to this document.

longdesc=url
Provide the URL of a document describing the contents of the frame.

marginheight=n
Place n pixels of space above and below the frame contents.

marginwidth=n
Place n pixels of space to the left and right of the frame contents.

name=string
Define the name of the frame.

scrolling=type
Always add scrollbars (yes), never add scrollbars (no), or add scrollbars when needed (auto).

src=url
Define the URL of the source document for this frame.

style=style
Specify an inline style for this tag.

title=string
Specify a title for this tag.

width=n
Specify the width of the frame in pixels.

See Chapter 4 for more information on using frames.

<ilayer>

<ilayer> ... </ilayer>

Define an inline layer.

Attributes

above=name
Place this layer above the named layer.

background=url
Specify a background image for the layer.

below=name
Place this layer below the named layer.

bgcolor=color
Specify the background color for the layer.

class=name
Specify a style class controlling the appearance of this tag.

left=n
Define, in pixels, the position of the layer's left edge from the containing line of text.

name=name
Provide a name for the layer.

src=url
Supply the content of the layer from another document.

style=style
Specify an inline style for this tag.

top=n
Define, in pixels, the position of the layer's top edge from the containing line of text.

visibility=value
Determine whether to show the layer, hide the layer, or inherit the visibility attribute from a containing layer.

width=n
Define the width, in pixels, of the layer.

z-index=n
Specify the layer's position in the stacking order.

<img>

<img>

Insert an image into the current text flow.

Attributes

align=type
Align the image to either the top, middle, bottom (default), left, or right of the text in the line. For Netscape Navigator, additionally align to the texttop, absmiddle, absbottom, or baseline of the text.

alt=text
Provide descriptive text for nonimage-capable browsers, tool tips, telephone browsers, and search engines.

border=n
Set the pixel thickness of the border around images contained within hyperlinks.

controls
Add playback controls for embedded video clips.

dynsrc=url
Specify the URL of a video clip to be displayed.

height=n
Specify the height of the image in pixels.

hspace=n
Specify the space, in pixels, to be added to the left and right of the image.

ismap
Indicate that the image is mouse-selectable when used within an <a> tag.

longdesc=url
Provide the URL of a document describing the image.

loop=value
Set the number of times to play the video; value may be an integer or the value infinite.

lowsrc=url
Specify a low-resolution image to be loaded by the browser first, followed by the image specified by the <src> attribute.

src=url
Specify the source URL of the image to be displayed (required).

name=name
Provide a name for the image for use by JavaScript.

onabort=applet
Provide an applet to be run if the loading of the image is aborted.

onerror=applet
Provide an applet to be run if the loading of the image is unsuccessful.

onload=applet
Provide an applet to be run if the loading of the image is successful.

start=start
Specify when to play the video clip, either fileopen or mouseover.

usemap=url
Specify the map of coordinates and links that define the hypertext links within this image.

vspace=n
Specify the vertical space, in pixels, added at the top and bottom of the image.

width=n
Specify the width of the image in pixels.

<input type=button>

<input type=button>

Create a push-button element within a <form>.

Attributes

accesskey=char
Define the hot-key character for this element.

disabled
Disable this control, making it inactive.

name=name
Specify the name of the parameter to be passed to the form-processing application if the input element is selected (required).

notab
Specify that this element is not part of the tabbing order.

onblur=applet
Specify an applet to be run when the mouse leaves this control.

onfocus=applet
Specify an applet to be run when the mouse enters this control.

tabindex=n
Specify this element's position in the tabbing order.

taborder=n
Specify this element's position in the tabbing order.

value=string
Specify the value of the parameter sent to the form-processing application if the input element is selected (required).

<input type=checkbox>

<input type=checkbox>

Create a checkbox input element within a <form>.

Attributes

accesskey=char
Define the hot-key character for this element.

checked
Mark the element as initially selected.

disabled
Disable this control, making it inactive.

name=string
Specify the name of the parameter to be passed to the form-processing application if the input element is selected (required).

notab
Specify that this element is not part of the tabbing order.

readonly
Prevent user modification of this element.

tabindex=n
Specify this element's position in the tabbing order.

taborder=n
Specify this element's position in the tabbing order.

value=string
Specify the value of the parameter sent to the form-processing application if this form element is selected (required).

See Chapter 6 for more information on using forms.

<input type=file>

<input type=file>

Create a file-selection element within a <form>.

Attributes

accept=list
Specify list of MIME types that can be accepted by this element.

accesskey=char
Define the hot-key character for this element.

disabled
Disable this control, making it inactive.

maxlength=n
Specify the maximum number of characters to accept for this element.

name=string
Specify the name of the parameter that is passed to the form-processing application for this input element (required).

notab
Specify that this element is not part of the tabbing order.

onblur=applet
Specify an applet to be run when the mouse leaves this control.

onchange=applet
Specify an applet to be run when the user changes the value of this element.

onfocus=applet
Specify an applet to be run when the mouse enters this control.

readonly
Prevent user modification of this element.

size=n
Specify the number of characters to display for this element.

tabindex=n
Specify this element's position in the tabbing order.

taborder=n
Specify this element's position in the tabbing order.

value=string
Specify the value of the parameter sent to the form-processing application if this form element is selected (required).

See Chapter 6 for more information on using forms.

<input type=hidden>

<input type=hidden>

Create a hidden element within a <form>.

Attributes

name=string
Specify the name of the parameter that is passed to the form-processing application for this input element (required).

value=string
Specify the value of this element that is passed to the form-processing application.

See Chapter 6 for more information on using forms.

<input type=image>

<input type=image>

Create an image input element within a <form>.

Attributes

accesskey=char
Define the hot-key character for this element.

align=type
Align the image to either the top, middle, or bottom of the form element's text.

alt=string
Provide a text description for the image.

border=n
Set the pixel thickness of the border of the image.

disabled
Disable this control, making it inactive.

name=string
Specify the name of the parameter to be passed to the form-processing application for this input element (required).

notab
Specify that this element is not part of the tabbing order.

src=url
Specify the source URL of the image (required).

tabindex=n
Specify this element's position in the tabbing order.

taborder=n
Specify this element's position in the tabbing order.

usemap=url
Specify the URL of a map to be used with this image.

See Chapter 6 for more information on using forms.

<input type=password>

<input type=password>

Create a content-protected text-input element within a <form>.

Attributes

accesskey=char
Define the hot-key character for this element.

disabled
Disable this control, making it inactive.

maxlength=n
Specify the maximum number of characters to accept for this element.

name=string
Specify the name of the parameter to be passed to the form-processing application for this input element (required).

notab
Specify that this element is not part of the tabbing order.

onblur=applet
Specify an applet to be run when the mouse leaves this control.

onchange=applet
Specify an applet to be run when the user changes the value of this element.

onfocus=applet
Specify an applet to be run when the mouse enters this control.

onselect=applet
Specify an applet to be run when the user clicks this element.

readonly
Prevent user modification of this element.

size=n
Specify the number of characters to display for this element.

tabindex=n
Specify this element's position in the tabbing order.

taborder=n
Specify this element's position in the tabbing order.

value=string
Specify the initial value for this element.

See Chapter 6 for more information on using forms.

<input type=radio>

<input type=radio>

Create a radio-button input element within a <form>.

Attributes

accesskey=char
Define the hot-key character for this element.

checked
Mark the element as initially selected.

disabled
Disable this control, making it inactive.

name=string
Specify the name of the parameter that is passed to the form-processing application if this input element is selected (required).

notab
Specify that this element is not part of the tabbing order.

readonly
Prevent user modification of this element.

tabindex=n
Specify this element's position in the tabbing order.

taborder=n
Specify this element's position in the tabbing order.

value=string
Specify the value of the parameter that is passed to the form-processing application if this element is selected (required).

See Chapter 6 for more information on using forms.

<input type=reset>

<input type=reset>

Create a reset button within a <form>.

Attributes

accesskey=char
Define the hot-key character for this element.

disabled
Disable this control, making it inactive.

notab
Specify that this element is not part of the tabbing order.

readonly
Prevent user modification of this element.

tabindex=n
Specify this element's position in the tabbing order.

taborder=n
Specify this element's position in the tabbing order.

value=string
Specify an alternate label for the reset button.

See Chapter 6 for more information on using forms.

<input type=submit>

<input type=submit>

Create a submit button within a <form>.

Attributes

accesskey=char
Define the hot-key character for this element.

disabled
Disable this control, making it inactive.

name=string
Specify the name of the parameter that is passed to the form-processing application for this input element (required).

notab
Specify that this element is not part of the tabbing order.

tabindex=n
Specify this element's position in the tabbing order.

taborder=n
Specify this element's position in the tabbing order.

value=string
Specify an alternate label for the submit button, as well as the value passed to the form-processing application for this parameter if this button is clicked.

See Chapter 6 for more information on using forms.

<input type=text>

<input type=text>

Create a text input element within a <form>.

Attributes

accesskey=char
Define the hot-key character for this element.

disabled
Disable this control, making it inactive.

maxlength=n
Specify the maximum number of characters to accept for this element.

name=string
Specify the name of the parameter that is passed to the form-processing application for this input element (required).

notab
Specify that this element is not part of the tabbing order.

onblur=applet
Specify an applet to be run when the mouse leaves this element.

onchange=applet
Specify an applet to be run when the user changes the value of this element.

onfocus=applet
Specify an applet to be run when the mouse enters this element.

onselect=applet
Specify an applet to be run when the user clicks this element.

readonly
Prevent user modification of this element.

size=n
Specify the number of characters to display for this element.

tabindex=n
Specify this element's position in the tabbing order.

taborder=n
Specify this element's position in the tabbing order.

value=string
Specify the initial value for this element.

See Chapter 6 for more information on using forms.

<ins>

<ins> ... </ins>

Delineate an inserted section of a document.

Attributes

cite=url
Specify the URL of the document justifying the insertion.

datetime=date
Specify the date and time of the insertion.

<isindex>

<isindex>

Create a "searchable" HTML document.

Attributes

action=url
Provide the URL of the program that will perform the searching action.

class=name
Specify a class style controlling the appearance of this tag.

dir=direction
Specify the rendering direction for text, either left to right (ltr) or right to left (rtl).

id=name
Define a name for this tag that is unique to this document.

lang=language
Specify the language used for this tag's contents using a standard two-character ISO language name.

prompt=string
Provide an alternate prompt for the input field.

style=style
Specify an inline style for this tag.

title=string
Specify a title for this tag.

<kbd>

<kbd> ... </kbd>

The enclosed text is keyboard-like input.

<keygen>

<keygen> ... </keygen>

Generate key information in a form.

Attributes

challenge=string
Provide a challenge string to be packaged with the key.

name=name
Provide a name for the key.

<label>

<label> ... </label>

Define a label for a form control.

Attributes

accesskey=char
Define the hot-key character for this label.

for=name
Specify the form element associated with this label.

onblur=applet
Specify an applet to be run when the mouse leaves this label.

onfocus=applet
Specify an applet to be run when the mouse enters this label.

<layer>

<layer> ... </layer>

Define a layer.

Attributes

above=name
Place this layer above the named layer.

background=url
Specify a background image for the layer.

below=name
Place this layer below the named layer.

bgcolor=color
Specify the background color for the layer.

class=name
Specify a style class controlling the appearance of this tag.

clip=edge
Define the layer's clipping region, in pixels. If left and top are 0, they may be omitted.

left=n
Define, in pixels, the position of the layer's left edge from the containing line of text.

name=name
Provide a name for the layer.

src=url
Supply the content of the layer from another document.

style=style
Specify an inline style for this tag.

top=n
Define, in pixels, the position of the layer's top edge from the containing line of text.

visibility=value
Determine whether to show the layer, hide the layer, or inherit the visibility attribute from a containing layer.

width=n
Define the width, in pixels, of the layer.

z-index=n
Specify the layer's position in the stacking order.

<legend>

<legend> ... </legend>

Define a legend for a form field set.

Attributes

accesskey=char
Define the hot-key character for this legend.

align=position
Align the legend to the top, bottom, left, or right of the field set.

<li>

<li> ... </li>

Delimit a list item in an ordered (<ol>) or unordered (<ul>) list.

Attributes

type=format
Set the type of this list element to the desired format. For <li> within <ol>: A (capital letters), a (lowercase letters), I (capital Roman numerals), i (lowercase Roman numerals), or 1 (Arabic numerals; default). For <li> within <ul>: circle, disc (default), or square.

value=n
Set the number for this list item to n.

<link>

<link>

Define a link in the document <head> between this document and another document. Currently this tag is implemented to provide links to style-sheet definition files and font definition files.

Attributes

charset=charset
Specify the character set used to encode the target of this link.

href=url
Specify the hypertext reference URL of the target document.

hreflang=lang
Specify the language used for the target's contents using a standard two-character ISO language name.

media=list
Specify a list of media types upon which this object can be rendered.

rel=relation
Indicate the relationship from this document to the target. For Internet Explorer 3.0, rel=style indicates the existence of an external style sheet.

rev=relation
Indicate the reverse relationship from the target to this document.

type=text/css
Specify the MIME type for the linked document. Normally used in conjunction with links to style sheets, when the type is set to text/css.

<listing>

<listing> ... </listing>

Same as <pre width=n> ... </pre>; deprecated: don't use.

<map>

<map> ... </map>

Define a map containing hot spots in a client-side image map.

Attributes

name=string
Define the name of this map (required).

<marquee>

<marquee> ... </marquee>

Create a scrolling-text marquee.

Attributes

align=position
Align the marquee to the top, middle, or bottom of the surrounding text.

behavior=style
Define marquee style to be scroll, slide, or alternate.

bgcolor=color
Set the background color of the marquee.

class=name
Specify a style class controlling the appearance of this tag.

direction=dir
Define the direction, left or right, the text is to scroll.

height=value
Define the height, in pixels, of the marquee area.

hspace=value
Define the space, in pixels, to be inserted to the left and right of the marquee.

loop=value
Set the number of times to animate the marquee; value is an integer or infinite.

scrollamount=value
Set the number of pixels to move the text for scroll movements.

scrolldelay=value
Specify the delay, in milliseconds, between successive movements of the marquee text.

style=style
Specify an inline style for this tag.

vspace=value
Define the space, in pixels, to be inserted above and below the marquee.

width=value
Define the width, in pixels, of the marquee area.

<menu>

<menu> ... </menu>

Define a menu list containing <li> tags.

Attributes

compact
Make the list more compact.

type=bullet
Set the bullet style for this list to either circle, disc (default), or square.

<meta>

<meta>

Provides additional information about a document.

Attributes

charset=name
Specify the character set to be used with this document.

content=string
Specify the value for the meta-information (required).For client pulls, content="n;url=url" tells the browser to load the specified url after n seconds. If no URL is specified, the source document will be reloaded. Must be used with http-equiv="refresh" within <meta>.

dir=direction
Specify the rendering direction for text, either left to right (ltr) or right to left (rtl).

http-equiv=string
Specify the HTTP equivalent name for the meta-information and cause the server to include the name and content in the HTTP header for this document when it is transmitted to the client. A value of refresh creates a "client-pull" within a document.

lang=language
Specify the language used for this tag's contents using a standard two-character ISO language name.

name=string
Specify the name of the meta-information.

scheme=scheme
Specify the profile scheme used to interpret this property.

<multicol>

<multicol> ... </multicol>

Format-enclosed HTML and text in multicolumn format. Text and elements will flow across specified number of columns to give them approximately equal length.

Attributes

class=name
Specify a style class controlling the appearance of this tag.

cols=n
Specify number of columns (required).

gutter=n
Specify amount of space in pixels between columns. Default is 10 pixels.

style=style
Specify an inline style for this tag.

width=n
Specify width of columns in pixels.

<nobr>

<nobr> ... </nobr>

No breaks allowed in the enclosed text.

<noembed>

<noembed> ... </noembed>

Define content to be presented by browsers that do not support the <embed> tag.

<noframes>

<noframes> ... </noframes>

Define content to be presented by browsers that do not support frames.

See Chapter 4 for more information on using frames.

<noscript>

<noscript> ... </noscript>

Specify alternative content for browsers that do not support JavaScript. See Chapter 11 for more information on JavaScript.

<object>

<object> ... </object>

Insert an object into the document. This tag is used to specify applets, OLE controls, and other media objects.

Attributes

align=value
Specify how the object is aligned with other elements in the document. Values include baseline, center, left, middle, right, textbottom, textmiddle, and texttop.

archive=list
Specify a list of URLs of archives containing resources used by this object.

border=n
Set the width of the object's border if it is a hyperlink.

classid=url
Identify the class identifier of the object. The syntax of the URL depends on the object type.

codebase=url
Identify the URL of the object's codebase. The syntax of the URL depends on the object.

codetype=codetype
Specify the media type of the code.

data=url
Specify the URL of the data used for the object. The syntax of the URL depends on the object.

declare
Declare an object without instantiating it.

height=n
Specify the height of the object in pixels.

hspace=n
Specify the amount of space in pixels between the sides of the object and the surrounding elements.

name=url
Specify the name of the object.

notab
Do not make this object part of the tabbing order.

shapes
Indicate shaped hyperlinks in object.

standby=message
Specify message to display during object loading.

tabindex=n
Specify this object's position in the tabbing order.

type=type
Specify the media type for data.

usemap=url
Specify image map to use with object.

vspace=n
Specify the amount of space, in pixels, above and below object.

width=n
Specify object width.

<ol>

<ol> ... </ol>

Define an ordered list containing numbered (ascending) <li> elements.

Attributes

compact
Present the list in a more compact manner.

start=n
Start numbering the list at n, instead of 1.

type=format
Set the numbering format for this list to A (capital letters), a (lowercase letters), I (capital Roman numerals), i (lowercase Roman numerals), or 1 (Arabic numerals; default).

<optgroup>

<optgroup> ... </optgroup>

Define a group of options within a <select> element.

Attributes

disabled
Disable this group, making it inactive.

label=string
Provide a label for this group.

<option>

<option> ... </option>

Define an option within a <select> item in a <form>.

Attributes

disabled
Disable this option, making it inactive.

label=string
Provide a label for this option.

selected
Make this item initially selected.

value=string
Return the specified value to the form-processing application instead of the <option> contents.

See Chapter 4 for more information on using forms.

<p>

<p> ... </p>

Start and end a paragraph.

Attributes

align=type
Align the text within the paragraph to left, center, or right.

<param>

<param> ... </param>

Supply a parameter to the <applet> or <object> surrounding this tag.

Attributes

id=name
Define the unique identifier for this parameter.

name=string
Define the name of the parameter.

type=type
Specify the MIME type of the parameter.

value=string
Define the value of the parameter.

valuetype=type
Indicate the type of value. Can be one of three types: data indicates that the parameter's value is data (default); ref indicates that the parameter's value is a URL; object indicates that the value is a URL of another object in the document.

<plaintext>

<plaintext>

Render the remainder of the document as preformatted plain text.

<pre>

<pre> ... </pre>

Render the enclosed text in its original, preformatted style, honoring line breaks and spacing.

Attributes

width=n
Size the text, if possible, so that n characters fit across the display window.

<q>

<q> ... </q>

Designate enclosed text as an inline quotation.

Attributes

cite=url
Specify the URL of the source of the quoted material.

<s>

<s> ... </s>

The enclosed text is struck through with a horizontal line.

<samp>

<samp> ... </samp>

The enclosed text is a sample.

<script>

<script> ... </script>

Define a script within the document.

Attributes

charset=name
Specify the character set used to encode the script.

defer
Defer execution of this script.

language=lang
Specify the language used to create the script.

src=url
Specify the URL of an outside file containing the script to be loaded and run with the document.

type=type
Specify the MIME type of the script.

See Chapter 10 for more information on JavaScript.

<select>

<select> ... </select>

Define a multiple-choice menu or scrolling list within a <form>, containing one or more <option> tags.

Attributes

disabled
Disable this control, making it inactive.

multiple
Allow user to select more than one <option> within the <select>.

name=string
Define the name for the selected <option> values that, if selected, are passed to the form-processing application (required).

onblur=applet
Specify an applet to be run when the mouse leaves this element.

onchange=applet
Specify an applet to be run when the user changes the value of this element.

onfocus=applet
Specify an applet to be run when the mouse enters this element.

size=n
Display items using a pull-down menu for size=1 (without multiple specified) and a scrolling list of n items otherwise.

tabindex=n
Specify this element's position in the tabbing order.

See Chapter 6 for more information on using forms.

<server>

<server> ... </server>

Define a LiveWire script.

<small>

<small> ... </small>

Format the enclosed text using a smaller typeface.

<spacer>

<spacer>

Insert a whitespace element in a document.

Attributes

type=type
Specify what type of spacer to use. vertical inserts space between two lines of text. horizontal inserts space between words or characters. block inserts a rectangular space such as an <img> object.

size=n
Specify size in pixels for either width of horizontal spacer, or height of vertical spacer.

width=n
Specify width in pixels of block spacer.

height=n
Specify height in pixels of block spacer.

align=value
Specify alignment of block spacer with surrounding text. Values are the same as for the <img> tag.

<span>

<span> ... </span>

Specify style-sheet formatting to text between tags.

Attributes

style=elements
Specify cascading style-sheet elements for text in the span.

<strike>

<strike> ... </strike>

The enclosed text is struck through with a horizontal line.

<strong>

<strong> ... </strong>

Strongly emphasize the enclosed text.

<style>

<style> ... </style>

Define one or more document level styles.

Attributes

dir=dir
Specify the rendering direction for the title text, either left to right (ltr) or right to left (rtl).

lang=language
Specify the language used for this tag's title using a standard two-character ISO language name.

media=list
Specify a list of media types upon which this object can be rendered.

title=string
Specify a title for this tag.

type=type
Define the format of the styles (i.e., text/css).

See Chapter 5 for more information on styles and style sheets.

<sub>

<sub> ... </sub>

Format the enclosed text as a subscript.

<sup>

<sup> ... </sup>

Format the enclosed text as a superscript.

<table>

<table> ... </table>

Define a table.

Attributes

align=position
Align the table either left or right with the surrounding text flow.

background=url
Specify an image to be tiled in the background of the table.

bgcolor=color
Define the background color for the entire table.

border=n
Create a border n pixels wide.

bordercolor=color
Define the border color for the entire table.

bordercolordark=color
Define the dark border-highlighting color for the entire table.

bordercolorlight=color
Define the light border-highlighting color for the entire table.

cellpadding=n
Place n pixels of padding around each cell's contents.

cellspacing=n
Place n pixels of spacing between cells.

cols=n
Specify the number of columns in this table.

frame=[void|above|below|hsides|lhs|rhs|vsides|box|border]
Specify which sides of a table's outer border will be drawn. void removes outer borders; box and border displays all. hsides draws horizontal sides; vsides draws vertical sides. lhs draws left side; rhs right side.

height=n
Define the height of the table in pixels.

hspace=n
Specify the horizontal space, in pixels, added at the left and right of the table.

nowrap
Suppress text wrapping in table cells.

rules=[all|cols|groups|none|rows]
Turn off (none) or turn on rules between table cells by cols, rows, groups, or all.

summary=string
Provide a description to summarize this table.

vspace=n
Specify the vertical space, in pixels, added at the top and bottom of the table.

width=n
Set the width of the table to n pixels or a percentage of the window width.

See Chapter 5 for more information on tables.

<tbody>

<tbody> ... </tbody>

Create a row group within a table.

Attributes

align=position
Align the table body cell contents to the left, center, or right.

char=char
Specify the cell alignment character for the body group.

charoff=value
Specify the offset of the alignment position within the cells.

valign=position
Vertically align the body group cells' contents to the top, center, bottom, or baseline of a cell.

<td>

<td> ... </td>

Define a table data cell.

Attributes

abbr=string
Specify an abbreviation for the cell's contents.

align=type
Align the cell contents to the left, center, or right.

axis=string
Provide a name for a related group of cells.

background=url
Specify an image to be tiled in the background of the cell.

bgcolor=color
Define the background color for the cell.

bordercolor=color
Define the border color for the cell.

bordercolordark=color
Define the dark border-highlighting color for the cell.

bordercolorlight=color
Define the light border-highlighting color for the cell.

char=char
Specify the cell alignment character.

charoff=value
Specify the offset of the alignment position within the cell.

colspan=n
Have this cell straddle n adjacent columns.

headers=list
Provide a list of header cell names associated with this cell.

height=n
Define the height, in pixels, for this cell.

nowrap
Do not automatically wrap and fill text in this cell.

rowspan=n
Have this cell straddle n adjacent rows.

scope=scope
Define the scope of this header cell, either row, col, rowgroup, or colgroup.

valign=type
Vertically align this cell's contents to the top, middle, bottom, or baseline of the cell.

width=n
Set the width of this cell to n pixels or a percentage of the table width.

See Chapter 5 for more information on tables.

<textarea>

<textarea> ... </textarea>

Define a multiline text input area within a <form>; content of the <textarea> tag is the initial, default value.

Attributes

accesskey=char
Define the hot-key character for this element.

cols=n
Display n columns of text within the text area.

disabled
Disable this control, making it inactive.

name=string
Define the name for the text-area value that is passed to the form-processing application (required).

onblur=applet
Specify an applet to be run when the mouse leaves this element.

onchange=applet
Specify an applet to be run if a user changes the value of this element.

onfocus=applet
Specify an applet to be run when the mouse enters this element.

onselect=applet
Specify an applet to be run if the user clicks this element.

readonly
Prevent user modification of this element.

rows=n
Display n rows of text within the text area.

tabindex=n
Specify this element's position in the tabbing order.

wrap=style
Set word wrapping within the text area to off, virtual (display wrap, but do not transmit to server), or physical (display and transmit wrap).

See Chapter 6 for more information on forms.

<tfoot>

<tfoot>

Define a table footer.

Attributes

align=position
Align the footer cell contents to the left, center, or right.

char=char
Specify the cell alignment character.

charoff=value
Specify the offset of the alignment position within the cell.

valign=position
Vertically align the footer cells' contents to the top, center, bottom, or baseline of a cell.

<th>

<th> ... </th>

Define a table header cell.

Attributes

abbr=string
Specify an abbreviation for the cell's contents.

align=type
Align the cell contents to the left, center, or right.

axis=string
Provide a name for a related group of cells.

background=url
Specify an image to be tiled in the background of the cell.

bgcolor=color
Define the background color for the cell.

bordercolor=color
Define the border color for the cell.

bordercolordark=color
Define the dark border-highlighting color for the cell.

bordercolorlight=color
Define the light border-highlighting color for the cell.

char=char
Specify the cell alignment character.

charoff=value
Specify the offset of the alignment position within the cell.

colspan=n
Have this cell straddle n adjacent columns.

headers=list
Provide a list of header cell names associated with this cell.

height=n
Define the height, in pixels, for this cell.

nowrap
Do not automatically wrap and fill text in this cell.

rowspan=n
Have this cell straddle n adjacent rows.

scope=scope
Define the scope of this header cell: row, col, rowgroup, or colgroup.

valign=type
Vertically align this cell's contents to the top, middle, bottom, or baseline of the cell.

width=n
Set the width of this cell to n pixels or a percentage of the table width.

See Chapter 5 for more information on tables.

<thead>

<thead>

Define a table heading.

Attributes

align=position
Align the header cells' contents to the left, center, or right.

char=char
Specify the cell alignment character for heading cells.

charoff=value
Specify the offset of the alignment position within the cell.

valign=positiona
Vertically align the header cells' contents to the top, center, bottom, or baseline of a cell.

<title>

<title> ... </title>

Define the HTML document's title.

Attributes

dir=dir
Specify the rendering direction for text, either left to right (ltr) or right to left (rtl).

lang=language
Specify the language used for this tag's contents using a standard two-character ISO language name.

<tr>

<tr> ... </tr>

Define a row of cells within a table.

Attributes

align=type
Align the cell contents in this row to the left, center, or right.

background=url
Specify an image to be tiled in the background of the cell.

bgcolor=color
Define the background color for this row.

border=n
Create a border n pixels wide.

bordercolor=color
Define the border color for this row.

bordercolordark=color
Define the dark border-highlighting color for this row.

bordercolorlight=color
Define the light border-highlighting color for this row.

char=char
Specify the cell alignment character for this row.

charoff=value
Specify the offset of the alignment position with cells of this row.

nowrap
Disable word wrap for all cells in this row.

valign=type
Vertically align the cell contents in this row to the top, middle, bottom, or baseline of the cell.

See Chapter 5 for more information on tables.

<tt>

<tt> ... </tt>

Format the enclosed text in typewriter-style (monospaced) font.

<ul>

<ul> ... </ul>

Define an unordered list of bulleted <li> elements.

Attributes

compact
Display the list in a more compact manner.

type=bullet
Set the bullet style for this list to either circle, disc (default), or square.

<var>

<var> ... </var>

The enclosed text is a variable's name.

<wbr>

<wbr>

Indicate a potential word-break point within a <nobr> section.

<xmp>

<xmp> ... </xmp>

Same as <pre width=80> ... </pre>; deprecated, do not use.



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