ISAC: partial analysis of IR2099

From: Chuck Swart <cswart_at_.....>
Date: Thu Sep 07 2006 - 12:48:38 PDT
It would be good if you all could review this before tonight's
meeting. I have tried to capture the intent of the LRM change,
but I haven't been able to come up with proper wording yet.

Chuck Swart


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VHDL Issue Number:        2099

Language_Version          VHDL-2002
Classification            Language Definition Problem
Summary                   Alias declarations introduce homographs
Relevant_LRM_Sections     4.3.3.2 Nonobject aliases
    10.3 Visibility
Related_Issues            
Key_Words_and_Phrases     nonobject aliases, homographs
Authors_Name              Peter Ashenden
Authors_Phone_Number      +61 414 709 106
Authors_Fax_Number        
Authors_Email_Address     peter@ashenden.com.au
Authors_Affiliation       Ashenden Designs
Authors_Address1          
Authors_Address2          
Authors_Address3          

Current Status:           Analyzed

Superseded By:

------------------------
Date Submitted:           14 June 2006
Date Analyzed:            07 September 2006
Author of Analysis:       Chuck Swart
Revision Number:          1
Date Last Revised:

Description of Problem
----------------------

This issue was originally raised by John Ries in the Accellera VHDL-TC
review of P1076-2006/D2.11 and entered as Bugzilla bug #44:
    
    Description:
     [reply]     Opened: 2006-06-07 06:03
    
On page 114 in non-object alias it states :
    
    c) If the name denotes an enumeration type or a subtype of an
    enumeration type, then one implicit alias declaration for each of
    the literals of the base type immediately follows the alias
    declaration for the enumeration type; each such implicit
    declaration has, as its alias designator, the simple name or
    character literal of the literal and has, as its name, a name
    constructed by taking the name of the alias for the enumeration
    type or subtype and substituting the simple name or character
    literal being aliased for the simple name of the type or
    subtype. Each implicit alias has a signature that matches the
    parameter and result type profile of the literal being aliased.
    
    d) Alternatively, if the name denotes a subtype of a physical
    type, then one implicit alias declaration for each of the units of
    the base type immediately follows the alias declaration for the
    physical type; each such implicit declaration has, as its alias
    designator, the simple name of the unit and has, as its name, a
    name constructed by taking the name of the alias for the subtype
    of the physical type and substituting the simple name of the unit
    being aliased for the simple name of the subtype.
    
    e) Finally, if the name denotes a type or a subtype, then implicit
    alias declarations for each predefined operator operation for the
    type immediately follow the explicit alias declaration for the
    type or subtype and, if present, any implicit alias declarations
    for literals or units of the type. Each implicit alias has a
    signature that matches the parameter and result type profile of
    the implicit operation being aliased.
    
    
What happens if there is a homograph already declared or aliased?
    
For example
    
    type my_logic is ( '0', '1', 'X', 'Z');
    function "="( a, b: my_logic) return boolean;
    
    alias alt_logic is my_logic;
    -- the following alias are implicit
    
    alias '0' is '0' [ return my_logic];
    alias '1' is '1' [ return my_logic];
    alias 'X' is 'X' [ return my_logic];
    alias 'Z' is 'Z' [ return my_logic];
    alias "/=" is "/=" [ my_logic, my_logic, return boolean];
    alias "=" is "=" [ my_logic, my_logic, return boolean]; 
                                          -- note implicit "=" not explicit one.
    
    
It seams to me that all the alias are homographs. In all cases except
the "=" these aliases denote the exact same objects so is this an
error?.  In the case of "=" these are different functions the alias is
to the predefined "=" and there is an explicit "=" already declared.
Is this an error?  What happens if the explicit "=" is declared after
the alias?
    
This also raises the question, after I declare an alias to a type is
it legal to define an explicit version of a predefined operator on the
aliased type?
    
For example
    
    library ieee;
    package mycompare is
    
    alias std_logic is ieee.std_logic_1164.std_logic;
    
    -- there is an implicit alias
    alias "=" is ieee.std_logic_1164."="[ieee.std_logic_1164.std_ulogic,
    ieee.std_logic_1164.std_ulogic, return ieee.std_logic_1164.std_ulogic];
    
    -- Is this legal??
    function "=" ( a, b : std_logic) return boolean;
    ....
    
Does clause 10.3 statement 

    Two declarations that occur immediately within the same
    declarative region, other than the declarative region of a block
    implied by a component instantiation or the declarative region of
    a generic-mapped package or subprogram equivalent to a package
    instance or a subprogram instance,28 must not be homographs,
    unless exactly one of them is the implicit declaration of a
    predefined operation. In such cases, a predefined operation is
    always hidden by the other homograph.
    
 Apply here?
    
    
    ------- Additional Comment #1 From Peter Ashenden 2006-06-11 23:31 [reply] -------
    
It would appear that the rules for non-object aliases were written
under the assumption that the name being aliased is declared in a
different declarative region. The example in the LRM illustrates that,
with the name BIT being declared in STD.STANDARD. Aliasing a name
declared in the same declarative region introduces the issue you
raise.
    
I would say that the rule of 10.3 that you quote covers
(serendipitously) the case of the explicit declaration of an operation
hiding the implicit declaration introduced by the alias
declaration. However, it doesn't address the fact that the implicit
declaration introduced by the alias declaration is a homograph of the
implicit declaration introduced by the type declaration.
    
This is not a new problem; it was latent in the previous revision of
the LRM. It might be best to address this through ISAC.
    
    
    ------- Additional Comment #2 From John Ries 2006-06-13 07:57 [reply] -------
    
This needs to be resolved because the numeric_std package defines two
aliases to types. They are
    
    alias U_UNSIGNED is UNRESOLVED_UNSIGNED;
    and
    alias U_SIGNED is UNRESOLVED_SIGNED;
    
    Since the mean of this is unclear, the LRM needs to either remove the aliases
    from the package or define the behavior
    
    
    ------- Additional Comment #3 From Peter Ashenden 2006-06-14 18:31 [reply] -------
    
In the LRM-SC telecon of 13-Jun-2006, we agreed that issues relating
to aspects of VHDL-2002 would continue to be addressed by the IEEE
ISAC, and issues relating to changes added for VHDL-2006 would be
addressed by the LRM-SC. Since this issue is inherent in VHDL-2002,
I'll raise an ISAC IR on it, and mark this bug as resolved/later. That
will remind us to revisit it in a subsequent round, possibly by means
of an ISAC recommendation.
    

Proposed Resolution
-------------------



VASG-ISAC Analysis & Rationale
------------------------------

There are genuine issues in this area. There are several cases
which were inadvertently missed in the LRM. Here are some of the
cases which need to be covered using the submitter's examples as
a starting point):

case 1:

    type my_logic is ( '0', '1', 'X', 'Z');
    alias alt_logic is my_logic;

case 2:

    alias std_logic1 is ieee.std_logic_1164.std_logic;
    alias std_logic2 is ieee.std_logic_1164.std_logic;

case 3:

    type my_logic is ( '0', '1', 'X', 'Z');
    function "="( a, b: my_logic) return boolean;
    alias alt_logic is my_logic;

case 4:

    type my_logic is ( '0', '1', 'X', 'Z');
    alias alt_logic is my_logic;
    function "="( a, b: my_logic) return boolean;

case 5:

    package p1 is
    function "=" (a,b: ieee.std_logic_1164.std_logic ) return boolean;
    ...
    end package p1;


    use work.p1.all;
    ...
    alias std_logic is ieee.std_logic_1164.std_logic;


The reason for the implicit declarations is so that if
you alias a type you also get automatic access to the
associated operators. It is reasonable that if these
operators are already visible, then the implicit declarations
are unnecessary and problematic. The LRM wording should reflect
this principle.

For case 1, since the predefined operators are already visible
there is no need for the implicit declarations for the alias.

For case 2, since the alias of std_logic1 makes the implicit
operators visible, there is no need for the implicit declarations for
the second alias, std_logic2.

Another general principle is that implicit operators can be
overloaded by explicit operators. This principle should also apply
to implicit declarations associated with aliases.

For case 3, since an overloaded "=" operator already is visible,
there is no need for an implicit declaration of the "=" operator
associated with the alias alt_logic.

For case 4, it should be legal to overload the implicitly declared
"=" operator associated with the alias alt_logic. 

A final applicable principle is that visibility via
USE clauses is subordinate to other declarations.

For case 5, the "=" operator in the package should not be visible
following the alias declaration.

The new wording of the LRM must reflect these three principles.
I can come up with wording that captures the first two, but
I don't immediately see how to get wording that supports the
third principle and case 5.




VASG-ISAC Recommendation for IEEE Std 1076-2002
-----------------------------------------------
TBD

VASG-ISAC Recommendation for Future Revisions
---------------------------------------------
TBD


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Received on Thu Sep 7 12:48:43 2006

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