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Index: S

@subrelated, URLs related to first-level URL: 14.5. CGI Gateway to XML Middleware

SAX (Simple API for XML) style parser: 14.5. CGI Gateway to XML Middleware

scalar context, list context vs.: 2.4.2.4. Date

scalars

variable data types in perl as: 1.3.1. Why Perl?
WDDX data types and: 7.3.1. WDDX

scatter charts, creating: 13.4.2. GD::Graph

Schwartzian Transform, precalculating file modification times: 12.3.1. Search Application

scope

variables, pragmas depending on: 6.4.2.2. Variable scope
variables within code blocks enclosed with bracket pairs: 6.4.2.2. Variable scope

ScriptAlias command: 1.4.1.1. Configuring by directory

scripts, Perl CGI (see CGI programs Perl language)

scrolling boxes: 4.2.4. The <SELECT> Tag

example: 4.2.4. The <SELECT> Tag
multiple values, handling: 4.3. Decoding Form Input

search application for indexes: 12.3.1. Search Application

search engines: 12. Searching the Web Server

CGI middleware and: 14. Middleware and XML
fgrep command: 12.1. Searching One by One
grep command: 12.2. Searching One by One, Take Two
inverted index search: 12.3. Inverted Index Search
LWP module, getting data from: 14.5. CGI Gateway to XML Middleware
regex-based: 12.2.1. Regex-Based Search Engine
resource data from, XML documents: 14.4. Writing an XML Parser
XML-based (Netscape browser): 14.4. Writing an XML Parser

search form for What's Related CGI script: 14.5. CGI Gateway to XML Middleware

search strings: 2.1.1. Elements of a URL

2.1.1. Elements of a URL
(see also query strings)

searching for font repositories: 13.5.4. Image Processing

secure connections: 3.2.1. CGI Environment Variables

(see also SSL)
environment variables, adding for: 3.2.1. CGI Environment Variables

Secure Socket Layer (see SSL)

security: 8. Security

browsers, trusting: 8.2.5. Trusting the Browser

CGI scripts, configuration by file name extension and: 1.4.1.2. Configuring by extension

data storage: 8.5. Data Storage

dynamic filenames: 8.5.1. Dynamic Filenames
file permissions: 8.5.3. File Permissions
location of files: 8.5.2. Location of Files

encryption: 8.3. Encryption

exec command (SSI), risks of enabling: 6.2.1. Configuration

fgrep command, passing through shell: 12.1. Searching One by One

JavaScript restrictions, bookmarklets and: 7.4.2. Bookmarklets and CGI

programs sending email, risks of: 9.5. mailx and mail

sending email: 9.1. Security

false identities: 9.1.2. False Identities
mailers and shells: 9.1.1. Mailers and Shells
spam: 9.1.3. Spam

servers

minimal access privileges of: 15.1.1. Application Permissions

symbolic links, problems with: 1.4.1.1. Configuring by directory

taint mode, using: 8.4. Perl's Taint Mode

user authentication and identification: 3.4.2. User Authentication and Identification

user data, passing through shell

avoiding with -t option, sendmail: 9.4.1. Command-Line Options

user input, handling: 8.2. Handling User Input

strategies: 8.2.3. Security Strategies

web security, importance of: 8.1. The Importance of Web Security

Select elements

creating with Embperl: 6.4.3.2. List elements
JavaScript support for: 7.2.1.1. Validating elements

SELECTED attribute, tag: 4.2.4.1. The <OPTION> tag

selecting data in databases: 10.3.3. Accessing Data

self-referencing hypertext links back to scripts: 14.5. CGI Gateway to XML Middleware

SelfLoader module: 17.1.6. SelfLoader

self_url method (CGI.pm): 5.2.1.5. self_url

semi-autonomous clients (JavaScript-enabled web pages): 7.3. Data Exchange

sender address, email messages: 9.3. Structure of Internet Email

sendmail: 9.4. sendmail

command-line options: 9.4.1. Command-Line Options
mail queue: 9.4.2. Mail Queue
Mail::Mailer module, using with: 9.6. Perl Mailers
mailx and mail programs vs.: 9.5. mailx and mail

Server header: 2.4.2.8. Server

complete headers, including in: 3.3.2. Complete (Non-Parsed) Headers

Server Side Includes (see SSI)

SERVER_NAME environment variable: 5.2.1.7. virtual_host

SERVER_PROTOCOL environment variable: 3.3.2. Complete (Non-Parsed) Headers

servers: 2.3.2.4. Authorization

(see also web servers)

authorization requirements of: 2.3.2.4. Authorization

buffering, handling (script for finding): 3.3.2. Complete (Non-Parsed) Headers

certificates, information about: 3.2.1. CGI Environment Variables

communicating with other: 14.1. Communicating with Other Servers

sockets: 14.1.1. Sockets

configuring to execute CGI application with user HTML document requests: 11.1. Query Strings and Extra Path Information

content negotiation, performing: 2.6. Content Negotiation

daemons, turning Perl CGI applications into: 17. Efficiency and Optimization

document tree, excluding data files from: 8.5.2. Location of Files

environment variables specific to, listing: 3.2.2. Examining Environment Variables

error logs, checking: 15.3.2. Check Error Logs

filesystems, using to control data file access: 8.5.3. File Permissions

host name: 2.3.2.1. Host

HTML form data, sending to: 4.1. Sending Data to the Server

HTTP: 2. The Hypertext Transport Protocol

user authentication: 3.4.2. User Authentication and Identification

information servers: 7.3. Data Exchange

Internal Server Error status code: 3.3.1.3. Specifying status codes

minimal access privileges of: 15.1.1. Application Permissions

output to client, buffering: 3.1.1.2. STDOUT

remote processes as: 14.1. Communicating with Other Servers

request/response cycle: 2.2.1. The Request and Response Cycle

response to HTTP GET request: 11. Maintaining State

responses: 2.4. Server Responses

11. Maintaining State
headers: 2.4.2. Server Headers
proxies, using for: 2.5. Proxies

searching: 12. Searching the Web Server

fgrep command, using: 12.1. Searching One by One
grep command, using: 12.2. Searching One by One, Take Two
inverted index, using: 12.3. Inverted Index Search

SMTP: 9.6. Perl Mailers

verifying email addresses: 9.2. Email Addresses

SSI (see SSI)

STDERR, handling output to: 3.1.1.3. STDERR

users, running as

file permissions and: 10.1.2. Write Permissions

X Windows server, adding hostname or IP address: 15.3.5.2. ptkdb

Service Unavailable error messages: 3.3.1.3. Specifying status codes

3.3.1.3. Specifying status codes

servlets, CGI vs.: 1.3.2. Alternatives to CGI

session identifiers

get_id function, returning with: 11.2. Hidden Fields
in hidden field: 11.2. Hidden Fields
storing on client side with cookies: 11.3. Client-Side Cookies

sessions, user: 11. Maintaining State

set command: 6.2.2. Format

Set-cookie header: 2.4.2.9. Set-Cookie

setting cookies

in redirection: 11.3.2. Testing for Cookies

SHA-1 (Secure Hash Algorithm): 8.3. Encryption

digests, producing with: 8.3.2. SHA-1

shadow_text.cgi script (example): 13.5.4. Image Processing

shared file locks: 10.1.1.1. flock

shells

avoiding accessing to maximize performance: 17.1.8. Avoid the Shell

email addresses, passing through as parameters: 9.1.1. Mailers and Shells

external, Perl taint checking: 8.4.2. What Is Monitored by Taint Mode

fgrep command, passing through: 12.1. Searching One by One

user data, passing through

avoiding with -t option (sendmail): 9.4.1. Command-Line Options
dangerous characters: 8.2.2. User Input and the Shell

user input and: 8.2.2. User Input and the Shell

shopping cart example

maintaining state across: 11. Maintaining State
subroutines for handling requests: 11.2. Hidden Fields
utility functions: 11.2. Hidden Fields

signature (see boilerplates)

sign_petition.cgi script (example): 10.1.4. Delimiters

single empty tags, XML vs. HTML: 14.2. An Introduction to XML

single quotes around arguments, security and: 8.2.3. Security Strategies

site_perl directory, saving error module in: 5.5.4. Custom Module

SIZE attribute

tag: 4.2.4. The <SELECT> Tag
text fields: 4.2.3.1. Text fields

size, calculating for directories: 5.2.4. File Uploads with CGI.pm

slowness, CGI applications: 17. Efficiency and Optimization

slurping, avoiding: 17.1.4. Avoid Slurping

SMTP protocol

command to validate email addresses: 9.2. Email Addresses
Mail::Mailer, using with: 9.6. Perl Mailers
Net::SMTP module, using with: 9.6. Perl Mailers

sockets: 14.1.1. Sockets

14.1.1. Sockets
(see also SSL)
identifying in host IP addresses: 14.1.1. Sockets
IO::Socket module: 14.1.2. IO::Socket
$socket instance variable, use as file handle: 14.1.2. IO::Socket

sort command

execution within pipe, checking for: 15.2.3. Is It Open?

source code (CGI scripts), security risks from revealing: 1.4.1.1. Configuring by directory

spaces

in email addresses: 9.2.1. Validating Syntax

between HTML elements, CGI.pm and: 5.3.3. Standard HTML Elements

indenting code with: 16.2. Coding Guidelines

list element separation, eliminating in: 5.3.3. Standard HTML Elements

plus (+) character, replacing with: 4.3. Decoding Form Input

URLs

encoding as + or %20: 2.1.3. URL Encoding
replacing with plus (+) sign: 4.1. Sending Data to the Server

spam: 9.1.3. Spam

falsifying sender identity: 9.1.2. False Identities

split command: 4.3. Decoding Form Input

spreadsheets, CSV data format in: 10.1.5. DBD::CSV

SQL (Structured Query Language): 10.3. Introduction to SQL

accessing CSV-format data with: 10.1.5. DBD::CSV

accessing data: 10.3.3. Accessing Data

inserting data: 10.3.2. Inserting Data

Oracle PL/SQL programming language: 16.1.6. Separating Storage from Your Primary Code

queries: 16.1.6. Separating Storage from Your Primary Code

passing to prepare command: 10.4.1.3. Database querying
starting with execute command: 10.4.1.3. Database querying

troubleshooting errors: 10.4.2.1. Address book database creation script

SRC attribute: 4.2.3.8. Image buttons

SSI (Server Side Includes): 6.2. Server Side Includes

# in: 6.2.7. Common Errors

access counters: 6.2.6. Executing CGI Programs

boilerplate files: 6.2.5. Including Boilerplates

CGI script execution, enabling to use exec command: 6.2.1. Configuration

commands: 6.2. Server Side Includes

6.2.2. Format
environment variables, inserting into static HTML documents: 6.2.3. Environment Variables
exec command: 6.2.1. Configuration

enabling without enabling exec tag: 6.2.1. Configuration

Mason module component approach vs.: 6.5.1. A Component Approach

parsing CGI output, inability to: 6.2. Server Side Includes

servers, configuring to parse: 6.2.1. Configuration

SSL (Secure Socket Layer)

CGI programs and: 2.2. HTTP
https connections using: 8.3. Encryption

stale responses, determining: 2.5.2. Caching

standard input (see input STDIN)

standard output (see output STDOUT)

standard syntax, CGI.pm module: 5.1.3. Standard and Object-Oriented Syntax

start tags (XML), defining handler for: 14.5. CGI Gateway to XML Middleware

starting and ending HTML documents: 5.3.2. Starting and Ending Documents

starting bracket pair: 6.4.2.1. Embperl code blocks

state

maintaining: 11. Maintaining State

client-side cookies: 11.3. Client-Side Cookies
hidden fields: 11.2. Hidden Fields
query strings and extra path information: 11.1. Query Strings and Extra Path Information
summary of techniques for: 11. Maintaining State

stateless (nonpersistent) HTTP requests: 11. Maintaining State

static documents

HTML

embedding dynamic text banners in: 13.5.4. Image Processing
for web server response: 1.2. Introduction to CGI
for general errors: 3.4.1. Check the Client Browser

language and media type negotiation for: 2.6.2. Internationalization

static HTML documents, inserting environment variables into: 6.2.3. Environment Variables

static vs. dynamic resources: 1.1.1. How CGI Is Used Today

status

Image::Magick, returning with method calls: 13.5.2. Converting PNGs to GIFs or JPEGs
system calls, checking: 15.2.2. Check Status of System Calls

status codes: 2.4.1. The Status Line

header method, specifying with: 5.3.1.2. Status
printing: 3.3.1.3. Specifying status codes
redirection of client request: 2.4.2.7. Location
specifying with Status header, CGI output: 3.3.1.3. Specifying status codes

status headers

CGI scripts, output: 3.3.1. Partial Headers
CGI scritps, output: 3.3.1.3. Specifying status codes
common, description of: 3.3.1.3. Specifying status codes

status line: 2.2.2. HTTP Headers

2.4. Server Responses
complete headers, including in: 3.3.2. Complete (Non-Parsed) Headers

STDERR (standard error): 3.1.1. File Handles

output to, sending to server error log: 5.5.1. Dying Gracefully
server error logs and: 15.3.2. Check Error Logs

STDIN (standard input): 1.2. Introduction to CGI

3.1.1. File Handles
GET requests, problems with: 3.1.1.1. STDIN
tainted data, checking for: 8.4.1. How Taint Works

STDOUT (standard output): 1.2. Introduction to CGI

3.1.1. File Handles
buffering output to, header errors and: 15.1.4. "Malformed" Header
CGI programs, printing to: 3.1.1.2. STDOUT
Embperl module, use of: 6.4.2.1. Embperl code blocks

stem.pl program: 12.3. Inverted Index Search

Storable module: 10.2.2. MLDBM

storage, separating from primary code: 16.1.6. Separating Storage from Your Primary Code

store.cgi script (example): 11.3.2. Testing for Cookies

strategic programming: 16.1. Architectural Guidelines

directories, organizing projects with: 16.1.2. Use Directories to Organize Your Projects

strict mode: 1.2.1. Sample CGI

mod_perl, use with: 17.3.2. mod_perl Considerations

strict module

error prevention in Perl and CGI scripts: 15.2.1. Use strict

restrictions, turning off: 15.2.1. Use strict

strings

command-line options taking arguments, indicating: 12.3. Inverted Index Search
double quoted, @ character in: 13.5.4. Image Processing
format:filename string: 13.5.2. Converting PNGs to GIFs or JPEGs
perl treatment of: 1.3.1. Why Perl?

structure, Internet email: 9.3. Structure of Internet Email

Structured Query Language (see SQL)

style guide topics, CGI application coding: 16.2. Coding Guidelines

style sheets

HTML documents, defining for: 5.3.2.1. start_html
XML documents, guiding browser display: 14.2. An Introduction to XML

Subject field, email messages: 9.3. Structure of Internet Email

submit buttons: 4.2.3.6. Submit buttons

actions, specifying for CGI script to perform: 10.4.2.2. Address book CGI script

flow, controlling with: 16.1.8. Using Submit Buttons to Control Flow

image buttons, supporting as: 5.2.2.4. Supporting image buttons as submit buttons

online music browser example: 7.3.2. Example

validating form input: 7.2.1.2. Validating submits

7.2.1.3. Validation example

subroutines

array context and: 4.3. Decoding Form Input

bareword vs. strict: 15.2.1. Use strict

capitalization of, standardizing: 16.2. Coding Guidelines

constants, defining as (mod_perl): 17.3.2. mod_perl Considerations

declarations, bracket pairs enclosing (Embperl): 6.4.2.1. Embperl code blocks

display_whats_related_to_whats_related: 14.5. CGI Gateway to XML Middleware

email addresses, validating: 9.2.1. Validating Syntax

error handling: 5.5.3. Error Subroutines

get subroutine: 14.5. CGI Gateway to XML Middleware

get_whats_related_to_whats_related: 14.5. CGI Gateway to XML Middleware

14.5. CGI Gateway to XML Middleware

handle_start: 14.5. CGI Gateway to XML Middleware

hiding with SelfLoader module: 17.1.6. SelfLoader

requests, handling (shopping cart example): 11.2. Hidden Fields

with same name, avoiding collisions of: 5.1.3. Standard and Object-Oriented Syntax

strict rules for, using: 1.2.1. Sample CGI

sub parse_form_data (example): 4.3. Decoding Form Input

tainted variables, checking for: 8.4.1. How Taint Works

URI::URL module: 2.1.3. URL Encoding

suffixes to words, removing: 12.3. Inverted Index Search

symbolic links, security problems with: 1.4.1.1. Configuring by directory

symbolic references, preventing with strict reference mode: 15.2.1. Use strict

symlinks, mapping web site content into the corresponding directories on web server: 16.1.2. Use Directories to Organize Your Projects

syntax

CGI programs, checking: 15.3.1. Check Syntax
email addresses, validating: 9.2.1. Validating Syntax
invalid, web browser requests: 3.3.1.3. Specifying status codes
Perl, checking for errors: 15.1.4. "Malformed" Header
SSI commands: 6.2.2. Format
XML, simplicity of: 14.2. An Introduction to XML

system functions

checking status for error prevention: 15.2.2. Check Status of System Calls
commonly used: 15.2.2. Check Status of System Calls
exec: 15.1.2. The Pound-Bang

system loads, calculating and graphing (loads.cgi script): 13.3.2. Using GD

systems, problems with output stream buffering: 15.2.6. Unbuffer Output Stream

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